A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_URI::$config is deprecated

Filename: core/URI.php

Line Number: 101

Backtrace:

File: /home/dh_t3gr4v/clocktower.org/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Router::$uri is deprecated

Filename: core/Router.php

Line Number: 127

Backtrace:

File: /home/dh_t3gr4v/clocktower.org/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property Show::$benchmark is deprecated

Filename: core/Controller.php

Line Number: 82

Backtrace:

File: /home/dh_t3gr4v/clocktower.org/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property Show::$hooks is deprecated

Filename: core/Controller.php

Line Number: 82

Backtrace:

File: /home/dh_t3gr4v/clocktower.org/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property Show::$config is deprecated

Filename: core/Controller.php

Line Number: 82

Backtrace:

File: /home/dh_t3gr4v/clocktower.org/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property Show::$log is deprecated

Filename: core/Controller.php

Line Number: 82

Backtrace:

File: /home/dh_t3gr4v/clocktower.org/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property Show::$utf8 is deprecated

Filename: core/Controller.php

Line Number: 82

Backtrace:

File: /home/dh_t3gr4v/clocktower.org/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property Show::$uri is deprecated

Filename: core/Controller.php

Line Number: 82

Backtrace:

File: /home/dh_t3gr4v/clocktower.org/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property Show::$exceptions is deprecated

Filename: core/Controller.php

Line Number: 82

Backtrace:

File: /home/dh_t3gr4v/clocktower.org/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property Show::$router is deprecated

Filename: core/Controller.php

Line Number: 82

Backtrace:

File: /home/dh_t3gr4v/clocktower.org/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property Show::$output is deprecated

Filename: core/Controller.php

Line Number: 82

Backtrace:

File: /home/dh_t3gr4v/clocktower.org/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property Show::$security is deprecated

Filename: core/Controller.php

Line Number: 82

Backtrace:

File: /home/dh_t3gr4v/clocktower.org/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property Show::$input is deprecated

Filename: core/Controller.php

Line Number: 82

Backtrace:

File: /home/dh_t3gr4v/clocktower.org/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property Show::$lang is deprecated

Filename: core/Controller.php

Line Number: 82

Backtrace:

File: /home/dh_t3gr4v/clocktower.org/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property Show::$db is deprecated

Filename: core/Loader.php

Line Number: 396

Backtrace:

File: /home/dh_t3gr4v/clocktower.org/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_DB_mysqli_driver::$failover is deprecated

Filename: database/DB_driver.php

Line Number: 371

Backtrace:

File: /home/dh_t3gr4v/clocktower.org/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Return type of CI_Session_files_driver::open($save_path, $name) should either be compatible with SessionHandlerInterface::open(string $path, string $name): bool, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice

Filename: drivers/Session_files_driver.php

Line Number: 132

Backtrace:

File: /home/dh_t3gr4v/clocktower.org/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Return type of CI_Session_files_driver::close() should either be compatible with SessionHandlerInterface::close(): bool, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice

Filename: drivers/Session_files_driver.php

Line Number: 294

Backtrace:

File: /home/dh_t3gr4v/clocktower.org/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Return type of CI_Session_files_driver::read($session_id) should either be compatible with SessionHandlerInterface::read(string $id): string|false, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice

Filename: drivers/Session_files_driver.php

Line Number: 168

Backtrace:

File: /home/dh_t3gr4v/clocktower.org/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Return type of CI_Session_files_driver::write($session_id, $session_data) should either be compatible with SessionHandlerInterface::write(string $id, string $data): bool, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice

Filename: drivers/Session_files_driver.php

Line Number: 237

Backtrace:

File: /home/dh_t3gr4v/clocktower.org/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Return type of CI_Session_files_driver::destroy($session_id) should either be compatible with SessionHandlerInterface::destroy(string $id): bool, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice

Filename: drivers/Session_files_driver.php

Line Number: 317

Backtrace:

File: /home/dh_t3gr4v/clocktower.org/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Return type of CI_Session_files_driver::gc($maxlifetime) should either be compatible with SessionHandlerInterface::gc(int $max_lifetime): int|false, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice

Filename: drivers/Session_files_driver.php

Line Number: 358

Backtrace:

File: /home/dh_t3gr4v/clocktower.org/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: ini_set(): Session ini settings cannot be changed after headers have already been sent

Filename: Session/Session.php

Line Number: 282

Backtrace:

File: /home/dh_t3gr4v/clocktower.org/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: session_set_cookie_params(): Session cookie parameters cannot be changed after headers have already been sent

Filename: Session/Session.php

Line Number: 289

Backtrace:

File: /home/dh_t3gr4v/clocktower.org/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: ini_set(): Session ini settings cannot be changed after headers have already been sent

Filename: Session/Session.php

Line Number: 304

Backtrace:

File: /home/dh_t3gr4v/clocktower.org/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: ini_set(): Session ini settings cannot be changed after headers have already been sent

Filename: Session/Session.php

Line Number: 314

Backtrace:

File: /home/dh_t3gr4v/clocktower.org/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: ini_set(): Session ini settings cannot be changed after headers have already been sent

Filename: Session/Session.php

Line Number: 315

Backtrace:

File: /home/dh_t3gr4v/clocktower.org/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: ini_set(): Session ini settings cannot be changed after headers have already been sent

Filename: Session/Session.php

Line Number: 316

Backtrace:

File: /home/dh_t3gr4v/clocktower.org/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: ini_set(): Session ini settings cannot be changed after headers have already been sent

Filename: Session/Session.php

Line Number: 317

Backtrace:

File: /home/dh_t3gr4v/clocktower.org/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: ini_set(): Session ini settings cannot be changed after headers have already been sent

Filename: Session/Session.php

Line Number: 375

Backtrace:

File: /home/dh_t3gr4v/clocktower.org/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: session_set_save_handler(): Session save handler cannot be changed after headers have already been sent

Filename: Session/Session.php

Line Number: 110

Backtrace:

File: /home/dh_t3gr4v/clocktower.org/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: session_start(): Session cannot be started after headers have already been sent

Filename: Session/Session.php

Line Number: 143

Backtrace:

File: /home/dh_t3gr4v/clocktower.org/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property Show::$session is deprecated

Filename: core/Loader.php

Line Number: 1283

Backtrace:

File: /home/dh_t3gr4v/clocktower.org/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property Show::$form_validation is deprecated

Filename: core/Loader.php

Line Number: 1283

Backtrace:

File: /home/dh_t3gr4v/clocktower.org/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property Show::$agent is deprecated

Filename: core/Loader.php

Line Number: 1283

Backtrace:

File: /home/dh_t3gr4v/clocktower.org/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property Show::$page_model is deprecated

Filename: core/Loader.php

Line Number: 358

Backtrace:

File: /home/dh_t3gr4v/clocktower.org/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property Show::$info_model is deprecated

Filename: core/Loader.php

Line Number: 358

Backtrace:

File: /home/dh_t3gr4v/clocktower.org/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property Show::$social_model is deprecated

Filename: core/Loader.php

Line Number: 358

Backtrace:

File: /home/dh_t3gr4v/clocktower.org/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property Show::$radio_model is deprecated

Filename: core/Loader.php

Line Number: 358

Backtrace:

File: /home/dh_t3gr4v/clocktower.org/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property Show::$media_model is deprecated

Filename: core/Loader.php

Line Number: 358

Backtrace:

File: /home/dh_t3gr4v/clocktower.org/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$load is deprecated

Filename: core/Loader.php

Line Number: 931

Backtrace:

File: /home/dh_t3gr4v/clocktower.org/application/controllers/Show.php
Line: 29
Function: view

File: /home/dh_t3gr4v/clocktower.org/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$benchmark is deprecated

Filename: core/Loader.php

Line Number: 931

Backtrace:

File: /home/dh_t3gr4v/clocktower.org/application/controllers/Show.php
Line: 29
Function: view

File: /home/dh_t3gr4v/clocktower.org/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$hooks is deprecated

Filename: core/Loader.php

Line Number: 931

Backtrace:

File: /home/dh_t3gr4v/clocktower.org/application/controllers/Show.php
Line: 29
Function: view

File: /home/dh_t3gr4v/clocktower.org/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$config is deprecated

Filename: core/Loader.php

Line Number: 931

Backtrace:

File: /home/dh_t3gr4v/clocktower.org/application/controllers/Show.php
Line: 29
Function: view

File: /home/dh_t3gr4v/clocktower.org/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$log is deprecated

Filename: core/Loader.php

Line Number: 931

Backtrace:

File: /home/dh_t3gr4v/clocktower.org/application/controllers/Show.php
Line: 29
Function: view

File: /home/dh_t3gr4v/clocktower.org/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$utf8 is deprecated

Filename: core/Loader.php

Line Number: 931

Backtrace:

File: /home/dh_t3gr4v/clocktower.org/application/controllers/Show.php
Line: 29
Function: view

File: /home/dh_t3gr4v/clocktower.org/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$uri is deprecated

Filename: core/Loader.php

Line Number: 931

Backtrace:

File: /home/dh_t3gr4v/clocktower.org/application/controllers/Show.php
Line: 29
Function: view

File: /home/dh_t3gr4v/clocktower.org/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$exceptions is deprecated

Filename: core/Loader.php

Line Number: 931

Backtrace:

File: /home/dh_t3gr4v/clocktower.org/application/controllers/Show.php
Line: 29
Function: view

File: /home/dh_t3gr4v/clocktower.org/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$router is deprecated

Filename: core/Loader.php

Line Number: 931

Backtrace:

File: /home/dh_t3gr4v/clocktower.org/application/controllers/Show.php
Line: 29
Function: view

File: /home/dh_t3gr4v/clocktower.org/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$output is deprecated

Filename: core/Loader.php

Line Number: 931

Backtrace:

File: /home/dh_t3gr4v/clocktower.org/application/controllers/Show.php
Line: 29
Function: view

File: /home/dh_t3gr4v/clocktower.org/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$security is deprecated

Filename: core/Loader.php

Line Number: 931

Backtrace:

File: /home/dh_t3gr4v/clocktower.org/application/controllers/Show.php
Line: 29
Function: view

File: /home/dh_t3gr4v/clocktower.org/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$input is deprecated

Filename: core/Loader.php

Line Number: 931

Backtrace:

File: /home/dh_t3gr4v/clocktower.org/application/controllers/Show.php
Line: 29
Function: view

File: /home/dh_t3gr4v/clocktower.org/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$lang is deprecated

Filename: core/Loader.php

Line Number: 931

Backtrace:

File: /home/dh_t3gr4v/clocktower.org/application/controllers/Show.php
Line: 29
Function: view

File: /home/dh_t3gr4v/clocktower.org/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$db is deprecated

Filename: core/Loader.php

Line Number: 931

Backtrace:

File: /home/dh_t3gr4v/clocktower.org/application/controllers/Show.php
Line: 29
Function: view

File: /home/dh_t3gr4v/clocktower.org/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$session is deprecated

Filename: core/Loader.php

Line Number: 931

Backtrace:

File: /home/dh_t3gr4v/clocktower.org/application/controllers/Show.php
Line: 29
Function: view

File: /home/dh_t3gr4v/clocktower.org/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$form_validation is deprecated

Filename: core/Loader.php

Line Number: 931

Backtrace:

File: /home/dh_t3gr4v/clocktower.org/application/controllers/Show.php
Line: 29
Function: view

File: /home/dh_t3gr4v/clocktower.org/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$agent is deprecated

Filename: core/Loader.php

Line Number: 931

Backtrace:

File: /home/dh_t3gr4v/clocktower.org/application/controllers/Show.php
Line: 29
Function: view

File: /home/dh_t3gr4v/clocktower.org/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$page_model is deprecated

Filename: core/Loader.php

Line Number: 931

Backtrace:

File: /home/dh_t3gr4v/clocktower.org/application/controllers/Show.php
Line: 29
Function: view

File: /home/dh_t3gr4v/clocktower.org/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$info_model is deprecated

Filename: core/Loader.php

Line Number: 931

Backtrace:

File: /home/dh_t3gr4v/clocktower.org/application/controllers/Show.php
Line: 29
Function: view

File: /home/dh_t3gr4v/clocktower.org/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$social_model is deprecated

Filename: core/Loader.php

Line Number: 931

Backtrace:

File: /home/dh_t3gr4v/clocktower.org/application/controllers/Show.php
Line: 29
Function: view

File: /home/dh_t3gr4v/clocktower.org/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$radio_model is deprecated

Filename: core/Loader.php

Line Number: 931

Backtrace:

File: /home/dh_t3gr4v/clocktower.org/application/controllers/Show.php
Line: 29
Function: view

File: /home/dh_t3gr4v/clocktower.org/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$media_model is deprecated

Filename: core/Loader.php

Line Number: 931

Backtrace:

File: /home/dh_t3gr4v/clocktower.org/application/controllers/Show.php
Line: 29
Function: view

File: /home/dh_t3gr4v/clocktower.org/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

Clocktower - Radio

Follow us on:

LISTEN

Push Button Synth Styles Change Up Arab Street Sounds



"1965-1970 was a most incredible catastrophic change in the way music was produced and the sort of music that is made." – Robert Moog

The Middle East was no exception to this turbulent moment in music history, induced by the technological innovation of an instrument that defies definition: the synthesizer. With its ability to replicate and mimic any sound, the synth has become ubiquitous in almost every genre of music throughout the region. Araby synth styles (customized programmed sound properties) first began as a quirky novelty, sonically invoking the west while mashing the instrument up against traditional Arabic instrumentation. As technology advanced it began emulating and replacing these same traditional instruments altogether and quickly became appropriated into the mainstream, providing uniquely distinct sounds that have redefined the sonic landscape of Arab music. This program dives into the electrified shape-shifting history of the synthesizer in contemporary music from the Middle East, from the mid-60s to the present. We'll hear some of the earliest examples of keyboard music and work our way up to the gritty amplified modern shaabi instrumentals of today.

Recorded in Beirut, host J. Namy works through the history of the synthesizer from its origins up through comtemporary folk and pop.

With tracks by Abdallah Chahine, Abdel Halim Hafez, Kakino de Paz, Baligh Hamdi, Omar Korshid, Damascus Musical Group, Mohamed Abdel Wahab, Ahmed Fakhroun, Les Freres Megri, and a Shaabi M'shekal

 

RELATED PROGRAMS

Indigenous Worlds

RADIO SERIES

From homegrown grassroots movements, tradition, and musical experimentation comes a wide and international array of musicians who put their own spin on national and indigenous music. Sometimes rupturing the traditions of the past and sometimes affirming them, the songs of these shows spring from the porches of the world.
more

Electric Kahraba

RADIO SERIES

Searching for unique sounds of independent Middle Eastern Music, J. Namy aka Electric Kahraba, brings together contemporary and traditional music from the region. 
more