A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_URI::$config is deprecated
Filename: core/URI.php
Line Number: 101
Backtrace:
File: /home/dh_t3gr4v/clocktower.org/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Router::$uri is deprecated
Filename: core/Router.php
Line Number: 127
Backtrace:
File: /home/dh_t3gr4v/clocktower.org/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property Show::$benchmark is deprecated
Filename: core/Controller.php
Line Number: 82
Backtrace:
File: /home/dh_t3gr4v/clocktower.org/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property Show::$hooks is deprecated
Filename: core/Controller.php
Line Number: 82
Backtrace:
File: /home/dh_t3gr4v/clocktower.org/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property Show::$config is deprecated
Filename: core/Controller.php
Line Number: 82
Backtrace:
File: /home/dh_t3gr4v/clocktower.org/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property Show::$log is deprecated
Filename: core/Controller.php
Line Number: 82
Backtrace:
File: /home/dh_t3gr4v/clocktower.org/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property Show::$utf8 is deprecated
Filename: core/Controller.php
Line Number: 82
Backtrace:
File: /home/dh_t3gr4v/clocktower.org/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property Show::$uri is deprecated
Filename: core/Controller.php
Line Number: 82
Backtrace:
File: /home/dh_t3gr4v/clocktower.org/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property Show::$exceptions is deprecated
Filename: core/Controller.php
Line Number: 82
Backtrace:
File: /home/dh_t3gr4v/clocktower.org/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property Show::$router is deprecated
Filename: core/Controller.php
Line Number: 82
Backtrace:
File: /home/dh_t3gr4v/clocktower.org/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property Show::$output is deprecated
Filename: core/Controller.php
Line Number: 82
Backtrace:
File: /home/dh_t3gr4v/clocktower.org/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property Show::$security is deprecated
Filename: core/Controller.php
Line Number: 82
Backtrace:
File: /home/dh_t3gr4v/clocktower.org/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property Show::$input is deprecated
Filename: core/Controller.php
Line Number: 82
Backtrace:
File: /home/dh_t3gr4v/clocktower.org/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property Show::$lang is deprecated
Filename: core/Controller.php
Line Number: 82
Backtrace:
File: /home/dh_t3gr4v/clocktower.org/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property Show::$db is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 396
Backtrace:
File: /home/dh_t3gr4v/clocktower.org/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_DB_mysqli_driver::$failover is deprecated
Filename: database/DB_driver.php
Line Number: 371
Backtrace:
File: /home/dh_t3gr4v/clocktower.org/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Return type of CI_Session_files_driver::open($save_path, $name) should either be compatible with SessionHandlerInterface::open(string $path, string $name): bool, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice
Filename: drivers/Session_files_driver.php
Line Number: 132
Backtrace:
File: /home/dh_t3gr4v/clocktower.org/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Return type of CI_Session_files_driver::close() should either be compatible with SessionHandlerInterface::close(): bool, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice
Filename: drivers/Session_files_driver.php
Line Number: 294
Backtrace:
File: /home/dh_t3gr4v/clocktower.org/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Return type of CI_Session_files_driver::read($session_id) should either be compatible with SessionHandlerInterface::read(string $id): string|false, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice
Filename: drivers/Session_files_driver.php
Line Number: 168
Backtrace:
File: /home/dh_t3gr4v/clocktower.org/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Return type of CI_Session_files_driver::write($session_id, $session_data) should either be compatible with SessionHandlerInterface::write(string $id, string $data): bool, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice
Filename: drivers/Session_files_driver.php
Line Number: 237
Backtrace:
File: /home/dh_t3gr4v/clocktower.org/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Return type of CI_Session_files_driver::destroy($session_id) should either be compatible with SessionHandlerInterface::destroy(string $id): bool, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice
Filename: drivers/Session_files_driver.php
Line Number: 317
Backtrace:
File: /home/dh_t3gr4v/clocktower.org/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Return type of CI_Session_files_driver::gc($maxlifetime) should either be compatible with SessionHandlerInterface::gc(int $max_lifetime): int|false, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice
Filename: drivers/Session_files_driver.php
Line Number: 358
Backtrace:
File: /home/dh_t3gr4v/clocktower.org/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: Warning
Message: ini_set(): Session ini settings cannot be changed after headers have already been sent
Filename: Session/Session.php
Line Number: 282
Backtrace:
File: /home/dh_t3gr4v/clocktower.org/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: Warning
Message: session_set_cookie_params(): Session cookie parameters cannot be changed after headers have already been sent
Filename: Session/Session.php
Line Number: 289
Backtrace:
File: /home/dh_t3gr4v/clocktower.org/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: Warning
Message: ini_set(): Session ini settings cannot be changed after headers have already been sent
Filename: Session/Session.php
Line Number: 304
Backtrace:
File: /home/dh_t3gr4v/clocktower.org/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: Warning
Message: ini_set(): Session ini settings cannot be changed after headers have already been sent
Filename: Session/Session.php
Line Number: 314
Backtrace:
File: /home/dh_t3gr4v/clocktower.org/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: Warning
Message: ini_set(): Session ini settings cannot be changed after headers have already been sent
Filename: Session/Session.php
Line Number: 315
Backtrace:
File: /home/dh_t3gr4v/clocktower.org/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: Warning
Message: ini_set(): Session ini settings cannot be changed after headers have already been sent
Filename: Session/Session.php
Line Number: 316
Backtrace:
File: /home/dh_t3gr4v/clocktower.org/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: Warning
Message: ini_set(): Session ini settings cannot be changed after headers have already been sent
Filename: Session/Session.php
Line Number: 317
Backtrace:
File: /home/dh_t3gr4v/clocktower.org/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: Warning
Message: ini_set(): Session ini settings cannot be changed after headers have already been sent
Filename: Session/Session.php
Line Number: 375
Backtrace:
File: /home/dh_t3gr4v/clocktower.org/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: Warning
Message: session_set_save_handler(): Session save handler cannot be changed after headers have already been sent
Filename: Session/Session.php
Line Number: 110
Backtrace:
File: /home/dh_t3gr4v/clocktower.org/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: Warning
Message: session_start(): Session cannot be started after headers have already been sent
Filename: Session/Session.php
Line Number: 143
Backtrace:
File: /home/dh_t3gr4v/clocktower.org/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property Show::$session is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 1283
Backtrace:
File: /home/dh_t3gr4v/clocktower.org/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property Show::$form_validation is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 1283
Backtrace:
File: /home/dh_t3gr4v/clocktower.org/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property Show::$agent is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 1283
Backtrace:
File: /home/dh_t3gr4v/clocktower.org/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property Show::$page_model is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 358
Backtrace:
File: /home/dh_t3gr4v/clocktower.org/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property Show::$info_model is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 358
Backtrace:
File: /home/dh_t3gr4v/clocktower.org/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property Show::$social_model is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 358
Backtrace:
File: /home/dh_t3gr4v/clocktower.org/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property Show::$radio_model is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 358
Backtrace:
File: /home/dh_t3gr4v/clocktower.org/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property Show::$media_model is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 358
Backtrace:
File: /home/dh_t3gr4v/clocktower.org/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$load is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 931
Backtrace:
File: /home/dh_t3gr4v/clocktower.org/application/controllers/Show.php
Line: 29
Function: view
File: /home/dh_t3gr4v/clocktower.org/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$benchmark is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 931
Backtrace:
File: /home/dh_t3gr4v/clocktower.org/application/controllers/Show.php
Line: 29
Function: view
File: /home/dh_t3gr4v/clocktower.org/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$hooks is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 931
Backtrace:
File: /home/dh_t3gr4v/clocktower.org/application/controllers/Show.php
Line: 29
Function: view
File: /home/dh_t3gr4v/clocktower.org/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$config is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 931
Backtrace:
File: /home/dh_t3gr4v/clocktower.org/application/controllers/Show.php
Line: 29
Function: view
File: /home/dh_t3gr4v/clocktower.org/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$log is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 931
Backtrace:
File: /home/dh_t3gr4v/clocktower.org/application/controllers/Show.php
Line: 29
Function: view
File: /home/dh_t3gr4v/clocktower.org/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$utf8 is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 931
Backtrace:
File: /home/dh_t3gr4v/clocktower.org/application/controllers/Show.php
Line: 29
Function: view
File: /home/dh_t3gr4v/clocktower.org/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$uri is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 931
Backtrace:
File: /home/dh_t3gr4v/clocktower.org/application/controllers/Show.php
Line: 29
Function: view
File: /home/dh_t3gr4v/clocktower.org/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$exceptions is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 931
Backtrace:
File: /home/dh_t3gr4v/clocktower.org/application/controllers/Show.php
Line: 29
Function: view
File: /home/dh_t3gr4v/clocktower.org/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$router is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 931
Backtrace:
File: /home/dh_t3gr4v/clocktower.org/application/controllers/Show.php
Line: 29
Function: view
File: /home/dh_t3gr4v/clocktower.org/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$output is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 931
Backtrace:
File: /home/dh_t3gr4v/clocktower.org/application/controllers/Show.php
Line: 29
Function: view
File: /home/dh_t3gr4v/clocktower.org/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$security is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 931
Backtrace:
File: /home/dh_t3gr4v/clocktower.org/application/controllers/Show.php
Line: 29
Function: view
File: /home/dh_t3gr4v/clocktower.org/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$input is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 931
Backtrace:
File: /home/dh_t3gr4v/clocktower.org/application/controllers/Show.php
Line: 29
Function: view
File: /home/dh_t3gr4v/clocktower.org/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$lang is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 931
Backtrace:
File: /home/dh_t3gr4v/clocktower.org/application/controllers/Show.php
Line: 29
Function: view
File: /home/dh_t3gr4v/clocktower.org/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$db is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 931
Backtrace:
File: /home/dh_t3gr4v/clocktower.org/application/controllers/Show.php
Line: 29
Function: view
File: /home/dh_t3gr4v/clocktower.org/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$session is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 931
Backtrace:
File: /home/dh_t3gr4v/clocktower.org/application/controllers/Show.php
Line: 29
Function: view
File: /home/dh_t3gr4v/clocktower.org/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$form_validation is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 931
Backtrace:
File: /home/dh_t3gr4v/clocktower.org/application/controllers/Show.php
Line: 29
Function: view
File: /home/dh_t3gr4v/clocktower.org/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$agent is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 931
Backtrace:
File: /home/dh_t3gr4v/clocktower.org/application/controllers/Show.php
Line: 29
Function: view
File: /home/dh_t3gr4v/clocktower.org/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$page_model is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 931
Backtrace:
File: /home/dh_t3gr4v/clocktower.org/application/controllers/Show.php
Line: 29
Function: view
File: /home/dh_t3gr4v/clocktower.org/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$info_model is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 931
Backtrace:
File: /home/dh_t3gr4v/clocktower.org/application/controllers/Show.php
Line: 29
Function: view
File: /home/dh_t3gr4v/clocktower.org/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$social_model is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 931
Backtrace:
File: /home/dh_t3gr4v/clocktower.org/application/controllers/Show.php
Line: 29
Function: view
File: /home/dh_t3gr4v/clocktower.org/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$radio_model is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 931
Backtrace:
File: /home/dh_t3gr4v/clocktower.org/application/controllers/Show.php
Line: 29
Function: view
File: /home/dh_t3gr4v/clocktower.org/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$media_model is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 931
Backtrace:
File: /home/dh_t3gr4v/clocktower.org/application/controllers/Show.php
Line: 29
Function: view
File: /home/dh_t3gr4v/clocktower.org/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
Clocktower - Radio
Scientific Controversies No. 8: Are We Alone?
For billions of years, life on this planet waffled in oceans in the simplest single-celled incarnation. Today, all complex life forms, no matter how disparate they seem, share common features. Trees, humans, squid, and lettuce are related. It is not known how the simple single-celled organisms finally transitioned to a multi-celled organism that seems to be the singular, original source of all complex life on Earth. So how rare is the emergence of life on any planet, let alone complex life forms? We now estimate that there are tens of billions of planetary systems in our own galaxy and there are hundreds of billions of galaxies in the universe, each presumably stocked with the chemical blocks necessary for life. In the competition between such large numbers and such small numbers, which wins? Are we alone? In this recording astrophysicist
Janna Levin invites biochemist
Nick Lane , author of
The Vital Question , and astrobiologist
Caleb Scharf , author of
The Copernicus Complex , to discuss the origin of life on this planet, on other planets, and even in other universes.
RELATED PROGRAMS
RADIO SERIES
What Is Quantum Reality? Does Time Exist? Will Dying Black Holes Explode in Firewalls?
Major scientific discoveries can disrupt the traditional order, leaving scientists adrift in concepts that resist familiar intuitions and beliefs. Of the new ideas that emerge, some will be wrong and some will be right. Honest and open scientific controversy helps disentangle one from the other. Eventually, one side of a debate grows in strength and finds confirmation in experiments, while the other atrophies. But both sides of a controversy contribute to the breakthrough of actual discovery – when the utterly abstract barges into the realm of the concrete. This series celebrates that passionate spirit of scientific debate. For the Pioneer Works series Scientific Controversies , we take a look at profound topics at the frontier of physics that have inspired unresolved debates.
more
RADIO CHANNEL
Rare audio archives you won’t find anywhere else.
more
RADIO CHANNEL
Art conversations with working curators, artists, and musicians on topical issues.
more